A TEXTBOOK OF ECONOMICS DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND ROAD SAFETY EDUCATION
CLASS-10TH
UNIT I
D-ECONOMICS
UNDERSTANDING J&K ECONOMY AND
SERVICE SECTOR
ECONOMICS
UNIT-1
UNDERSTANDING JK ECONOMY
=> Fill in the blanks
i) Three regions of our state are Jammu, Kashmir
and Ladakh
ii) Floriculture deals with cultivation of flowering
and ornamental plants.
iii) Kashmiri trout fish is famous for
its taste and quality.
iv) Kalakot is famous for coal mines.
v) Gold mines are found in Ladakh region
of the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
vi) Hazratbal Shrine is situated at Srinagar.
vii) Tourism raises tax revenue and foreign exchange of
the state.
viii) Paper machie is produced in Kashmir region
of Jammu and Kashmir.
=> TRUE/FALSE
i) Construction and manufacturing are two major economic
activities in our
state. TRUE
ii) Our state is leading producer of fruits. TRUE
iii) The state is short of dairy products. TRUE
iv) In Jammu and Kashmir about 94 per cent of landholdings fall
under small
and marginal farms. TRUE
=> SHORT ANSWERS
1. Name major forest based raw materials
supplied from the state of Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans) The major forest based raw materials supplied from the state
of J&K are:
i) Timber,
ii) Herbs,
iii) Gums,
iv) Resins etc.
2. Write about qualities of major fruits
produced in Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans) Our state is the leading producer of fruits. The best quality
of apple is
produced in the state of J&K. Apricot, Almond, Cherry, Pear,
Peach, Mango,
Guava, Citrus, and Litchi are the other major fruits of our state
which are also known for their quality both in India and abroad. Jammu is
famous for mangoes, Kashmir is famous for apples and Ladakh is famous for
apricot.
3. Write a short note on Handicraft and
Handloom industry in the state?
i) Handicraft Industry: Handicraft
Industry occupies an important position in our state of J&K. The carpets,
namdas, gabbas, Lois, wood carvings, shawls, paper machie, etc of kashmir
region have been in great demand in India and abroad. Jammu region is famous
especially for its Basoli paintings, Calico paintings, and Phoolkari work.
Ladakh region is also famous for wood carving, clay modeling, Pashmina weaving,
Ladakhi carpets and Thanka paintings.
ii) Handloom Industry: Handloom is a
traditional economic activity of J&K. The state has famous quality of
weaving fabrics like pashmina Shawls, Raffal Shawls, Kani Shawls, Silk Sarees
etc. The level of artistry and intricacy achieved in the handloom fabrics is
unique and unparalled. There are about 30,000 Handlooms in the state.
4. Identify five each metallic and
non-metallic mineral resources found in
Jammu and Kashmir?
• Metallic Minerals: Bauxite, Iron ore, Copper ore, Lead ore,
and Gold.
• Non-Metallic Minerals: Gypsum, Limestone, Sulphur, Magnesite, and
Coal.
5. What is the role of service sector in
the economic development of the state?
Ans)
i) Service sector is the major contributor to the state economy
which is likely to grow by 10.10%.
ii) Public administration (19.74% SDP) has emerged as the largest
constituent of services sector.
iii) Trade, hotels, & restaurant services (7.93% SDP) Is the
second largest
activity.
iv) Banking, insurance, transport, storage, communication &
real estate are the other important services which contribute to the economic
development of the state.
=> LONG ANSWERS
1. Identify major agriculture crops grown
in Jammu and Kashmir. Distribute these crops according
to Kharief and Rabi seasons?
Ans) The major agriculture crops grown in Jammu and Kashmir are
rice (paddy), maize, wheat & barley. About 84% of the total cropped area is
under rice, maize and wheat only.
Distribution of these crops:
a) Rice: Rice is an important Kharif crop.
Jammu district and plains of
Kashmir are major areas for rice cultivation. Basmati rice grown
in RS Pura and adjoining areas of jammu division is exported in large
quantities. In Kashmir division, Anantnag district is popularly known as “Rice
Bowl of
Kashmir”.
b) Maize: Maize is another important Kharif
crop. It is mainly grown in
Kupwara, Anantnag, Udhampur, Doda and Rajouri districts of Jammu
and
Kashmir.
c) Pulses: Pulses are largely grown in
Kharif season. The major pulses grown in the state are Rajmash ( Red Kidney
Beans), Moung, Mash etc. These are
mainly grown in Kathua and Kashmir valley.
d) Wheat: Wheat is a Rabi crop grown mainly
in Jammu division.
2. Write down the basic
objectives of forest policy in Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans) The basic objectives of Forest Policy in J&k are:
i. Conservation of biodiversity & natural habitat through
preservation of forests with the vast variety of flora and fauna.
ii. Extending tree cover area in the state.
iii. Meeting livelihood needs of forest dependent communities to
reduce their poverty.
iv. Sustainable supply of forest produce by improving productivity
of existing
forests.
3. What is Copper Ore. Write down the
names of places where copper ore is
found?
Ans) Copper ore is a mineral rock from which copper is extracted.
It is very
important mineral resource which is mostly used in modern
industrialization and electrical manufacturers.
Copper ore is found in the following places in J&K:
i. Lashttial in Baramulla.
ii. Sumbal in Anantnag.
iii. Kishtwar in Jammu region.
iv. Kargil, Zanaskar and Dhar areas in Ladakh.
4. What are the major reasons of slow
growth of handicraft and handloom
industry in the state?
Ans) The major reasons of slow growth of handicraft and handloom
industry in the state are:
i. These industries still use traditional techniques despite
availability of
modern technology.
ii. There is lack of adequate financial support from the
government.
iii. There is exploitation of artisans by the middle men which is
discouraging for them.
iv. The goods produced by these industries have stiff competition
with cheaper machine made goods in the market.
v. They lack better marketing strategies.
=> Additional Questions:
Q.1) Describe the contribution of major
sectors in the GDP of J&K state?
Ans) The GSDP (Gross State Domestic Product) of J&K at 2004-05
prices is
45126.30 crores for 2014-2015. The contributions of the primary,
secondary and tertiary sectors in GSDP are21%, 22% and 57% respectively.
Agriculture in the primary sector, construction in the secondary sector and
public administration in the tertiary sector have emerged as largest
contributors towards state GDP.
Q.2) Describe the economic importance of
primary sector in J&K?
Ans) The primary sector is important since 80% of the state’s
population resides in rural areas and directly or indirectly depends upon this
sector for livelihood and employment. This sector consists of
extraction/processing of goods mainly by utilization of natural resources.
Activities like agriculture, horticulture, livestock, forestry, floriculture,
sericulture, fisheries and mining are considered to be primary sector
activities.
Q.3) Describe the economic importance of
secondary sector in J&K?
Ans) The economic importance of secondary sector can be understood
from the fact that it helps in converting raw material into finished goods.
This conversion of raw material into finished goods is an industry which
absorbs very large number of the population for employment and earning
livelihood.
Q.4) Describe the economic importance of
tertiary sector in J&K?
Ans) Tertiary sector is the sector which provides support to the
primary and
secondary sector. As economies develop, the tertiary sector
becomes increasingly important as with rising incomes, people avail more and
more services. Secondly, a vibrant service sector is important for the growth
of the other sectors as well.
Q.5) Describe the factors responsible for
the slow growth of economy of J&K
State?
Or
What are the hurdles in economic
development of Jammu & Kashmir?
Ans) The factors responsible for the slow growth of economy of
J&K are discussed below:
i) Poor connectivity: The Chenab
valley, Kashmir and Ladakh regions of the
state face severe communication problems. Connectivity to these
regions gets disrupted especially in winter due to heavy snowfall, avalanches
and
landslides.
ii) Lack of awareness about employment opportunities: There
is a marked preference of the people for government jobs over private sector
jobs. There is a need to attract people towards the private sector or self
employment in order to promote economic growth of the state.
iii)Security problems: An economy functions
best when there is peace in the region. The absence of peace and security
creates a situation of fear and
uncertainty for investment which is not conducive for the economic
development.
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
Exercise / Project Activity:
Q1. Paste on scrap book sample of various crops
cultivated in your respective regions?
Ans: Students can do this activity
according to their regions by pasting such pictures in the scrap books.
Q2. Paste
major five activities of service sector in Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans: Five major activities of service
sector in Jammu and Kashmir are.
i. Traditional service
ii. Tourism
iii. Hostels
iv. Trekking
v. Skiing
Q3. Have an interactive session with people who
are dependent on agriculture for their
livelihood?
Ans: About 73%
of population of J&K state lives in rural areas and directly or indirectly
depending upon the agriculture for their livelihood, During my visit to a
village. I met with some people who were dependent on agriculture for their
livelihood. I found that mai8n crops grown by them were rice, maize, wheat.
These families were poor .Literacy percentage was also low among them. They
were hand to mouth and no any surplus for their livelihood.
Q4. Fill in the blanks:
i. Three
regions of our state are _________
ii. Floriculture
deals with ________
iii. Kashmiri
________ fish is famous for its taste and quality
iv. Kalakot is
famous for ________ mines
v. Gold mines
are found in ________ region of the state of Jammu & Kashmir
vi. Hazratbal
shrine is situated at ________
vii. Tourism
raises ________ the state
viii. Paper
machine is produced in ________ region of Jammu & Kashmir.
[Answers]
1. Jammu ,
Kashmir and Ladakh region
2. The
cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants
3. Trout
4. Coal
5.` Ladakh
6. Western
shore of Dal lake Kashmir (Srinagar)
7. Income of
8. Kashmir
Valley and Ladakh
Q5. True or False:
i. Construction
and manufacturing are two major economic activities in our state.
ii. Our state
is leading producer of fruits
iii. The state
is short of dairy products
iv. In Jammu
and Kashmir about 94% of land holdings fall under small and marginal farms.
[Answers]
1. True
2. True
3. True
4. True
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION
Q1. Name major
forest based raw material supplied from the state of Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans: The major forest based raw
material supplied from the state of Jammu and Kashmir are timber, herbs, gums resins, variety of species of chinar tree, evergreen, rose older pine, sal oak. The state is rich in forest
resources.
Q2. Write about qualities of major fruits
produced in Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans: Major Fruits produced in JK are
Almond Kernels. Walnuts, Apples, Plum, Strawberry and Apricot. Almond is known
as the king of nuts among dry fruits, highly nutrition’s and rich in almost all
the elements needed by tile body.
Walnuts are
delicious way to add extra nutrition, flavour and crunch to a meal. Apple of
Kashmir is most popular. A plum is a stone fruit. A plum is a stone fruit.
Strawberry is earliest fruit available in Srinagar market during April. Apricot
is stone free kernel sweet.
Q3. Write a short note on handicraft and handloom
industry in the state?
Ans: Handicraft
industry occupies an important position in the state. The handicrafts of
J&K have been in demand the world over. Wood carving, shawls, paper machie,
woolen shawls, crewel embroidery, baskets wall hangings,. Nambdas and Gabba,
special types of woolen carpets, jewellery etc. hold a significant share in
export of the state. Handloom is a traditional industry which has been
associated with the cultural heritage of the state. The state has famous
quality of wearing fabrics like Pashmina shawls, Raffal Shawls, Kani Shawls,
Silk Sarees, Blankets, Lios and Bed Sheets etc.
Q4. Identify five each metallic and
non-metallic mineral resources found in Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans: Following
are the metallic and non-metallic mineral resources found in Jammu and Kashmir.
Metallic Resources:
(i) Bauxite (ii) Iron Ore (iii) Copper Ore
(iv) Lead Silver
Ore (v) Zinc
Non-Metallic Resources:
(i) Gypsum (ii) Lime
Stone (iii) Sulphur
(iv) Magnesite (v) Slates and Phyllitics
Q5. What is
the role of service in economic development of the state?
Ans: The service
sector in J&K is presently dominated by
traditional services. The tourism and allied activities like Hostels on
spot service, trekking, skiing and other adventure tourism activities are
involved in it. Service sector is playing
a vital role in economic development of the state. Public administration has
emerged as the largest constituent of services. Trade hotels and restaurant
services is the second largest activity followed by banking, insurance, transport,
storage, communication and real estate. Thus, the service sector is the major
contributor to the state economy which is likely to grow by 10-10 per cent.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION
Q1. Identify major agriculture crops grown in Jammu
and Kashmir, Distribute
these crops according to Kharief and Rabi seasons?
Ans: About 73%
of population of the state lives in the rural areas and is directly or indirectly
depending upon agriculture for their livelihood and employability . The major
agriculture crops grown in Jammu and Kashmir are the following:
(i) Rice (ii) Maize (iii) Wheat (iv) Barley
(v) Bajra (vi) Jowar (vii) Pulses (viii) Fodder (ix) Oilseeds
Rabi and Kharief Crops: Rabi crops refers to agriculture crops sown in winter and
harvested in the spring. The Rabi crops are grown between the months mid
November to April.
Examples of
Rabi Crops: (i) What (ii) Barley (iii) Fodder (iv) Oilseeds
Kharief
Cropping: Season is from July-October during the south-west monsoon.
Examples of Kharief Crops: (i) Rice (ii) Maize (iii) Bajra (iv) Jowar
(v) Pulses.
Q2. Write down
the basic objectives of Forest Policy in Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans: Jammu and Kashmir Government frames
time to time forest policies to protect the forests. The basic objectives of
the State Forest Policy of Jammu and Kashmir are as follows:
I. Conservation
of biodiversity and natural habitat through preservation of natural forest with
the vast variety of flora and fauna.
ii. Rehabilitation
of degraded forest so as to optimize their productivity and restore their
potential to provide ecosystem goods and services on sustainable basis.
iii. Poverty alleviation
by meeting livelihood needs of forests dependent communities through
sustainable supply of forest produce by improving productivity of existing
forests, and through forestry activities, schemes and programmes.
iv. Extending
tree cover outside forests to reduce pressure on natural forest for supply of
forest produce.
v. Checking
denudation and soil erosion in catchments through integrated watershed
management techniques and practices.
vi Maintenance
of the health of forest vegetation and forest soils for augmenting water
supplies through recharge of underground aquifers and regulation of surface
water flows, sediment levels and water quality.
vii. Optimally
utilizing the mitigation and adaptation potential of forests in the context of
climate change.
viii. Reducing
pressure on forest thro ugh appropriate interventions including development of
forest fringe belt into high production and production tree strips.
ix. Utilization
of natural resources using best management practices including development of
non-timber forest produce and institutionalization and operationalization of
concepts of ecotourism and nature tourism.
x. Creating a
sustained people’s movement for achieving the aforementioned objectives, so
that environmental security in ensured.
Q3. What is copper ore? Write down the names of
places where copper ore if found.
Ans: Copper ore is a chemical element
with symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with very high
thermal and electrical conductivity. It is used as a conductor of heat and
electricity, a building material and a constituent of various metal alloys. It
is very important mineral resources which is mostly used in modern
industrialization and electrical manufacturing.
Places of
Copper Ore in Jammu and Kashmir. Copper mines were locate at Lashttial in
Baramulla and Shumbal in Anantnag, Rich Copper indications have been found in
Kishtwar, Kargil and Zanskar, Sufficient deposits are also found at Dhar and
Tanmachik area in Ladakh.
Q4. What are the
major reasons of slow growth of handicraft and handloom industry in the state?
Ans: Handicraft and handloom industry
is a traditional economic activity which has been associated with the cultural
heritage of the state.
On of the
important constraints for the slow growth of handicraft sector if the lack of
organized market sector, as no attention is paid towards this aspect, which
performs leading role in the sustainable growth of any sector, Inefficient
skilled labour is another challenge to this world famous in our state. Inadequate
power supply and raw material which is prerequisite for this handicraft is one
of the burning problems of this sector. Restrictive adaptation of the modern
sophisticated technology is an obstacle in improving the quality of
handicrafts, the use of which is necessary to reduce the cost of production and
withstand the world competition.
The
handloom sector is facing multifaceted challenge primarily due to machine made
fabric and trade liberalization. Poor cloth, cheaper and quality synthetic
substitutes in textile sector, changing consumer tastes have put a serious
constraint in the development of this sector. To give boost to this industry,
the State Government is laying focus on product design and diversification,
providing adequate credit facilities, enhancing weaver’s productivity through
up-gradation of skills , use of efficient looms, providing market access
through incentives and wide publicity.
OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. Which country is the East of Jammu and
Kashmir
Ans: Tibet is in the East of Jammu and Kashmir
Q2. How many districts are there in J&K
State?
Ans: There are 22 districts in J&K
State.
Q3. What was the compounded growth rate of state
economy between 2004-05 and 2011-12?
Ans: There was
6.1% compounded growth rater of the state economy between 2004-05 and 2011-12.
Q4. What are the major crops of the J&K
State?
Ans: Major Crops
of J&K state are apple, paddy, wheat, maize, barley, bajra and Jowar.
Q5. What is the share of largest constituent of
service sector in J&K?
Ans: Public administration (19.74%) is
the largest constituent of service sector in J&K.
Q6. What is percentage of the operational holdings
which fall under large size of land holding?
Ans: It is 0.04%
of the operational holdings which fall under large sized of land holding.
Q7. What is floriculture?
Ans: Floriculture is a discipline of horticulture concerned with the cultivation
of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens and for floristry, comprising
the floral industry.
Q8. What is Sericulture?
Ans: It is an agro-based industry which
involves rearing of silkworms for the production of raw silk. Raw silk is yarn
obtained out of cocoons spun by certain species of insects.
Q9. What
is handloom?
Ans: Handloom is
a traditional economic activity which
has been associated with the cultural heritage of the state.
Q10.What is
service sector?
Ans: The service
sector known as tertiary sector is one of the three economic sectors of the
economy which includes different types of service.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
i. The state of J&K is the________ most
state of India.
a. Northern
b. Southern
c. Eastern
d. Western
Ans: (a) Northern
ii. How much is the area of J&K?
a. 2,22,930 sq.kms.
b. 2,22,236 sq.kms.
c. 4,32,435 sq.kms.
d. 3,22,430 sq.kms.
Ans: (b) 2,22,236
sq.kms
iii. Which one is the major crop of J&K?
a. Sugarcane
b. Gram
c. Mustard
d. Rice
Ans: (d) Rice
iv. J&K has the ________million tones
potential of fish farming.
a. 40
b. 60
c. 80
d. 100
Ans: (a) 40
v. Coal deposits are found in which are of
J&K?
a. Kalakot
b. Dansal
c. Baramulla
d. All of these
Ans: (d) All of these
FILL IN THE BLANKS
i. ________thread
is produced under sericulture.
ii. Bauxite is
found in Reasi and ________ areas of Jammu region
iii. Most
industrial units in the state are ________ in size.
iv. There are
about ________ thousands handlooms in the state.
v. Most of the
carpets produced in Kashmir are exported to foreign countries in Middle East
and ________
Ans: (i) Silk (ii) Jangalgali (iii) Smaller (iv) 30 (v) Europe
TRUE OF FALSE
i. Tertiary
sector is also known as agricultural sector.
ii. Banking and
insurance has emerged as the largest constituent of service sector in J&K.
iii. The
deposits of Gold are found mainly in the area of Dras, Suru and Indus Valley in
Kargil Leh districts.
iv. Sulphur is
one of the most indispensable minerals of the modern age.
v. In J&K
forest covers 48% of the total geographical area excluding Ladakh region.
Ans: (i) False (ii) False (iii) True (iv)
True (v) True
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. Which sectors are the main contributors in the
state GDP?
Ans: Following
sectors are the main contributors in the State GDP:
i. Agriculture
and allied sector
ii. Major
crops, Livestock, Horticulture, Fisheries, Mining and Quarrying.
iii. Medium and
small scale industries handicrafts, handloom, tourism industry.
iv. Banking,
transport, hotels, hostels etc.
Q2. Write a
note on the main components of service sector in J&K?
Ans: Public
administration contributes 19.74% in the State Domestic Product and has merged
as the largest constituent of services. Contribution of Trade, hotels and
restaurant services accounted for 7.93% in SDP. Third constituent in banking
and insurance, transport, storage, communication and real estate.
Q3. Write a note on Basmati Rice production in
Jammu Division?
Ans: Basmati Rice is highly flavoured
variety of super fine paddy grown in sub-tropical area of the state namely R.S
Pura, Bishnah , Jammu Akhnoor, Samba, Hiranagar and Kathua Tehsils of Jammu
Divisions. Cultivation of basmati trice under diversified cropping system is
ideally suitable due to its low water requirements and very less attack of
insects, pests and diseases. For the better earning and upliftment of the farmers
government of J7K has lifted the ban on export of Basmati rice in 2009.
LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. Explain
the mineral resources of Jammu and Kashmir.
Ans: Jammu and
Kashmir is one of the states of the country which is rich in its deposits of mineral wealth. This wealth
is likely to contribute materially to the building up of the economy .
Following mineral resources are food in the state.
i. Fuel which
includes coal, lignite, natural gas and petroleum.
ii. Metallic
minerals which include bauxite, iron ore, copper ore, lead silver ore, zinc,
nickel ore, gold, chromium, sapphire, bentonite and some other types of ore.
iii. Non-metallic
minerals which include gypsum, lime stone, sulphur, magnetite, slates etc.
Q2. Write a detailed note on handicraft and
handloom of J&K?
Ans: The
prominent medium and small scale industries of the state are handicrafts and
handlooms. Handicrafts occupy a prominent position in the state. The state
provides a friendly environment for these labour intensive activities. The
carpets of Kashmir are highly priced in the world. Most of the Kashmiri carpets
are exported to Middle East and Europe . Wood carving, shawls, paper machine,
woolen shawls, crewel embroidery, baskets, wall hangings, Namdas and Gabba,
special types of woolen carpets, jewellery etc. hold a significant share in
export of the state.
`Handloom,
besides being environment friendly has high employment potential as it highly
labour intensive with low capital investment. The department has 491 registered
handloom industries co-operative societies with membership of 15495 weavers. It
is a traditional economic activity which has been associated with the cultural
heritage of the J&K has famous quality of weaving fabrics like pashmina
shawls, raffal shawls, kani shawls, silk saries, kishtwari blankets, lois and
different types of bed sheets.
UNIT II
EMPLOYMENT
(Section-iv)
Economics
Unit-2: Employment Generation
=> Fill in the blanks
i) Hari Parbat is
situated in Srinagar, Kashmir.
ii) Kukernag is famous
for Largest fresh water springs in Kashmir.
iii) Dogra Art Museum is
famous for Bhasoli paintings.
iv) The river Jhelum is
famous for fishing.
v. Full form of PPP
is Public Private Partnership.
vi. Paper machie
handicraft is produced in Srinagar, Kashmir.
vii. Kashmiri carpets
are exported to foreign countries in Middle East and
Europe.
viii. Hemis Gumpas are situated
at Ladakh.
=> SHORT ANSWERS
1. Identify places of
religious pilgrimage in Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans) The main places of
religious pilgrimage in J&K are:
a) Amarnath Cave,
Kashmir.
b) Hazratbal Shrine,
Srinagar.
c) Gumpas, Ladakh.
d) Mata Vaishno Devi
Shrine, Jammu
2. Write down the main
principles of PPP?
Ans) Main Principles of
PPP:
i. The development
projects of the government are undertaken by the private enterprises.
ii. There is
cost-sharing, profit-sharing as well as risk allocation between the
government and the
private enterprises.
iii. *The government
decides the policies while the private sector takes the responsibility for
non-core functions such as construction, maintenance and operations
3. What is the role of
Handicraft sector in employment generation in Jammu
and Kashmir?
Ans) Handicraft is
highly labour intensive sector in J&K. It contributes
significantly to
employment generation. It has 179 major craft clusters and
employs about 4-5 lakh
artisans.
4. Write a brief note on
Micro Small and Medium Scale Industries in employment generation?
Ans) The role of Micro
Small and Medium Scale Enterprise (MSME) industries in employment generation is
well established. Although out of 18345 MSME industries, only 14993 are
working, yet they provide employment to almost 90158 persons. Revival of this
sector will further boost the employment generation in J&K.
5. How employment
potential in Jammu and Kashmir can be increased?
Ans) The employment
potential of J&K can be increased by:
i) Accelerating the rate
of economic growth of the state.
ii) Implementing
employment-oriented schemes & programs effectively.
6. Name the programmes
conducted by Infosys Development Centers?
Ans) Faculty Enhancement
Programme (FEP) is conducted by Infosys
Development Centers.
About 4900 faculty members of engineering institutions have been trained
through this programme.
=> LONG ANSWERS
1. Discuss the role of
tourism in generating employment in Jammu and
Kashmir?
Ans) Tourism is a labour
intensive industry. It has great potential for employment generation. A number
of jobs are created in Hotels, Restaurants, House boats, Transport services and
other areas of tourism sector. Besides, it also boosts employment in other
sectors, like; handicrafts, handlooms etc.
2. Write down sectorial
initiatives by the government to generate employment in Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans) The sectorial
initiatives taken by the govt. to generate employment in J&k are:
a) Initiatives in
Livestock Sector:
i. Increased public
investment in the poultry sector.
ii. Emphasis on tackling
disease and infertility in dairy.
b) Initiatives in
Tourism Sector:
i. Putting in place a
PPP policy for creating hotels and resorts.
ii. Training youth in
hospitality and adventure tourism
c) Initiatives in Handicraft
Sector:
i. Establishing a carpet
cluster in Srinagar area.
ii. Starting a skill
development scheme for craftsmen.
*d) Initiatives
in MSME:
i. Increasing access to
finances by reviving the JK SFC.
ii. Increasing the scope
of PMEGP.
*e) Initiatives in IT/BPO:
i. Developing an
operational SWAN network to improve connectivity.
ii. Simplifying
procedures to encourage private investments.
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
Exercise /
Project Activity:
Q1. Paste on your scrap book picture of snow
bound huts and trees?
Ans: Students can paste the pictures of
snow bound huts and trees of J&K state in their scrap books in the
following way
Q2. Paste
on your scrap book pictures of Hemis Gumpus, Dragon Dance of Ladakh, Tulip
Flowers, Trout Fish, Verinag Spring, Cable car in Gulmarg, Hazratbal Shrine and
Dal Lake.
Ans:
i. Pictures of Hemis Gumpas
ii. Pictures of Dragon Dance of Ladakh
iii. Tulip Flowers
iv. Trout Fish
v. Verinag Spring
vi. Cable Car in Gulmarg
vii. Hazratbal Shrine
viii. Dal Lake
Q3. Paste on your scrap book pictures of building
under construction, BRO repairing roads, snow cutting machine clearing snow
from the road in Jammu and Kashmir Highway.
Ans:
i. Building under Construction
ii. BRO Repairing Roads
iii. Snow cutting machine clearing snow
from the road in Jammu and Kashmir Highway.
FILL IN THE
BLANKS:
i. Hari Parbat is situated in ________
ii. Kokernag is famous for ________
iii. Dogra Art Museum is famous
for________
iv. The river Jhelum is famous for
________
v. Full form of PPP is ________
vi. Paper machine handicraft is
produced in ________
vii. Kashmiri carpets are exported to
foreign countries in ________
viii. Hemis Gumpas are situated at
________
Ans:
i. Kashmir
ii. Gardens and largest fresh waster
springs in Kashmir
iii. Pahari miniature paintings from
Bhasoli
iv. Its diversity of exotic flora and
fauna
v. Public Private Partnership
vi. Kashmir
vii. Middle East and Europe
viii. Ladakh
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. Identify places of religious pilgrimage in
Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans: Places of religious pilgrimage in
Jammu and Kashmir:
|
i. Mata
Vasihno Devi Temple |
ii. Amarnath
Cave |
|
iii. Hemis Gumpas at Ladakh |
iv.
Hazratbal Shrine |
|
v.
Sukrala Mata
|
vi.
Noori Chamb |
|
vii.
Nagali Sahib |
viii. Sahadara Sharief |
|
ix. Shiv Khori
|
x. Shankaracharya Temple |
|
xi. Gurudawara Chatti Patshahi |
xii. Khir Bhawani Temple |
Q2. Write down the main principle of PPP?
Ans: Public
Private Partnership (PPP) is defined as a co-operative venture between the
public and private sectors, built on the expertise of each partner, that best
meets clearly defined public needs through the appropriate allocation of
resources, risks and rewards, Under PPP principle private enterprise help the
government to undertake development project by sharing profits.
Q3.What is the role of handicrafts sector in
employment generation in Jammu
and Kashmir?
Ans: The handicrafts sector in Jammu and
Kashmir occupies an important place with a fine tradition of craftsman,
employing 4-5 lakh artisans, 179 major crafts clusters and revenue generation
of Rs.1000 crore plus. This sector is highly labour intensive and contributes
significantly to employment generation in Jammu and Kashmir. Handicrafts has
underperformed in the state due to lack of Kashmiri brand, poor quality
control, obsolete designs, exploitative middlemen and competition from machine
made fabrics.
Q4. Write a brief
on micro, small and medium scale industries in employment generation?
Ans: The role of micro, small and medium
scale industries in socio-economic development and employment generation is
well established. The sector has not done well in the state due to as number of
reasons such as inadequate local demand, poor credit flows and distance from
markets. As peace returns to the state, private investments and large industry
will also come back bringing sustainable growth and jobs.
Q5. How employment potential in Jammu and
Kashmir can be increased?
Ans: Employment potential in Jammu and
Kashmir can be increased particularly through the following two routes.
i. By
accelerating the rate of economic growth of the state.
ii. More
effective implementation of employment oriented schemes and programmes.
Extending
support to entrepreneurs to set up small and medium enterprises for self
employment would appear to be the most effective and durable way of doing this.
Q6. Name
the programmes conducted by Infosys development centers?
Ans: Infosys development
centers have conceptualized several unique programmes aimed at evolving a model though which Infosys and academic
institutions can partner for competitiveness to enhance the pool of highly capable
talent for growth requirements in the information technology (IT) and business
process outsourcing.
One
important dimension to the interaction of the academicians with the industry
to understand their expectations of
entry level student skills. An interesting example of this connect is the
faculty enhancement programme conducted by the Infosys development centers
which have trained 4900 faculty members from engineering institutions.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. Discuss
the role of tourism in generating employment in Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans: Tourism in Jammu and Kashmir is one
of the most important sectors of the economy. Being the largest service
industry, tourism is a significant contributor to the state GDP, earns foreign
exchange for the country, provides wide spread employment, yields tax revenue
etc. Jammu and Kashmir has immense potential for pilgrimage tourist also.
Therefore, it attracts large number of pilgrims from various parts of India.
Pilgrimage tourism thus provides an extra boost to the states economy and
employment generation. The trekking routes, mountaineering , winter sports,
water sports , golfing , fishing etc. also have tremendous scope of attracting
tourists not only form India but also from abroad. In this way, tourism is
generating employment in Jammu and Kashmir.
The state
has great potential of religious tourist. In 2012 in Kashmir valley 6,21,000
tourist visited Amarnath Cave, while 13,08,765 domestic / foreign tourist
visited Mata Vaishno Devi and 1,78,750 tourist visited Ladakh which results in
generation employment opportunities in the state.
Q2.Write down sectoral initiatives by the government
to generation employment in Jammu and
Kashmir?
Ans: Following are the sectoral
initiatives taken by the government to generate employment in Jammu and Kashmir.
i. The tourism
sector with its potential in employing people across the skill spectrum and
positive externalite for other sectors like handicrafts, handlooms, and
transport occupies and important place in the development and employment
strategy of Jammu and Kashmir.
ii. By
increasing productivity of highly labour intensive live stock sector.
Increasing public investment in poultry sector, emphasis on tackling disease
and infertility in diary, improvised agronomic practices for quality fodder
production are specific areas which will increase employment potential of the
sector.
iii. the role of
micro, small and medium enterprises increasing the scope of Prime Minister’s
employment guarantee programme (PMEGP)
and purchase preference in government procurement will help the revival of this
sector in Jammu and Kashmir.
VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. Why tourist
visited Jammu and Kashmir?
Ans: The valley of Kashmir for scenic
beauty, Jammu for Mata Vaishno Devi and ancient temples and Ladakh for Gumpas
are visited by Tourists.
Q2. What is PPP?
Ans: It is
basically Public Private Partnership in which private enterprise help the
government to undertake development project by sharing profits.
Q3. What is the
distance of Mansar Lake from Jammu?
Ans: It is situated 62 Km from Jammu
Q4. Write any one
benefit from tourist?
Ans: It generate Employment
Q5. Write any one
sector which provide gainful employment in J&K?
Ans: Agriculture which includes
horticulture, floriculture, food process and animal husbandry.
Q6. Which place
of Jammu and Kashmir is known as Chhotta Kashmir?
Ans: Bhaderwah
is called as Chhotta Kashmir.
E-DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNITY
PARTICIPATION
(Section-V)
Disaster Management
Unit-1: Protecting Ourselves From Disasters
=> LONG ANSWERS
1. Write in details the
role of Search and Rescue team during a disaster?
Ans) The role of Search
and Rescue team during a disaster is:
i. To search the victims
and timely rescue them to safety.
ii. To provide first aid
to victims and transport them to hospitals.
2. What should be the
approach to help a fire burnt patient?
Ans) Adopt the following
approach to help a fire burnt patient:
i. Immediately pour
water on the burnt area.
ii. Cover the burnt area
with clean cloth.
iii. Keep on giving plenty of fluids to drink till the victim reaches hospital.
3. Explain in detail the
first, second and third degree of burns?
Ans)
i. First Degree
Burn: These are superficial burns
involving top layer of the skin. Skin appears red and very painful.
ii. Second Degree
Burn: These are partial
thickness burns involving two
layers of the skin
namely epidermis and dermis. The skin is red having
blisters and is very
painful.
iii. Third Degree
Burn: These are full thickness
burns and involve all the
layers of the skin along
with muscles, vessels and nerves. The burn areas
are less painful.
4. What is safe
construction practice?
Ans) Safe construction
practice means to construct and design disaster resistant buildings. It helps
to reduce the extent of damage and loss during disasters like earthquakes,
floods etc.
5. What should be the
role of community during a disaster?
Ans) Role of community
during a disaster:
i. To prepare the people
before disasters.
ii. To manage the grave
situation during as well as after the disasters.
=> SHORT ANSWERS
1. What equipments
should be carried by a rescuer?
a) Equipments for
personal safety of Rescuer: Helmet, Life jacket,
Gumboots, Torch and
Whistle.
b) Equipments for safety
of victims: First aid kit,
Ladders, Ropes, Pulleys,
small cutting tools,
Hammer etc.
c) Ultra Modern Search
Equipment: Infrared cameras,
Bio radars, Life
locators and Acoustic
devices.
2. What is ABC formula
in disaster management?
Ans)
A = Airways,
B = Breathing,
C = Circulation
3. What should be the
constituents of First Aid Kit?
Ans) First Aid Kit
consists of light weight box which contains some medicines, bandages, gloves,
sterile cotton & dressings, soap, antiseptic solution, small towels,
scissors, AMBU bag, Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS)
=> Fill in the blanks
i. 100 and 101 numbers
should be dialled in case of emergency.
ii. Sudden temporary
loss of conscience because the temperature regulation system of the body fails
is known as Heat Stroke.
iii. A kit containing
some medicines, bandages, dressings etc for immediate treatment is called
as First Aid Kit.
iv. NDMA stands
for National Disaster Management Authority.
v. Strengthening of old
buildings is called as Retrofitting.
vi. Plastic bags
are non-biodegradable.
vii. Kashmir falls in
seismic zones IV and V
viii. Burn is
defined as a damage to skin caused by direct contact with dry heat,
fire flames, steam, hot
liquids, hot metals, sunlight, electricity or chemical, radiological and
nuclear material
ix. Dog bites could
cause a deadly disease called Rabies.
x. DRABC stands
for Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, and Circulation.
Additional Questions:
1) What is Mechanical
defibrillation?
Ans) In an electric
shock, the heart rate becomes irregular. In this case, the first aid volunteer
should give thumping blow by fist of hand on centre of chest of the victim.
This is known as Mechanical Defibrillation. It can be a
life saving measure.
2) What are Seismic
Bands?
Ans) Seismic bands are
constructed using either reinforced concrete or
timber. These bands act
like a ring or belt and provide strength to the building. Seismic bands can be
provided at the plinth level, lintel level and eave level of the building.
3) What measures should
be taken while construction of buildings in
earthquake prone areas?
Ans) Safe construction
measures:
i) The building should
have a simple rectangular plan.
ii) Long walls should be
supported by reinforced concrete.
iii) Seismic bands
should be laid at plinth level, lintel level and eave level
iv) Doors and windows
should be small and more centrally located in the
walls.
4) How are plastic bags
harmful to environment?
Ans) Harmful effects of
plastic bags:
i) Plastic bags litter
the landscape.
ii) Plastic bags kill
animals and aquatic life.
iii) Plastic bags are
non-biodegradable.
iv) Chemicals of plastic bags may cause cancer and other health problems.
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
Q1. In case
an earthquake has struck. Where will you hide to survive?
Ans: In case an earth quake has struck.
First I shall try to go to open place. If time is short then I shall hide
myself under the table or under the door cover.
Q2. What will
you do at the instant if you find someone lying unconscious after an incident
of disaster?
Ans: I shall do
the following action at the instant if somebody lying unconscious after and
incident of disaster.
I shall prevent patient from getting injured due to fail by
extending support.
I shall
tilt the head of injured person backwards, clear mouth of saliva as this will
clear the airway.
Q3. What shall
be your first aid help to a person who is bleeding profusely due
to an injury.
Ans: My first aid help to a person who is bleeding
profusely due to an injury will be to ask the victim to lie down and elevation
of the limb above heart and gentle compression reduces bleeding due to gravity
. I shall direct pressure, dressing on wound which will reduce bleeding till the
victim is transported to the hospital for further treatment.
Q4. How will
you communicate with your relatives and friends during and after a disaster?
Ans: I shall rescue the trapped people
in a vehicle after a disaster by removing them out of the vehicle or by
rendering medical aid as necessary.
Q5. How will you communicate with your
relatives and friends during and after a disaster?
Ans: I shall communicate with my relatives and
friends during and after a disaster through mobile phone. If there is non
emergency I shall communicate through date bases services like texts and
e-mail.
Q6. How will you help a snake bitter person at
first aid?
Ans: I shall help a snake bitten person
at first instant by reassuring him to stay calm and avoid movement of affected
limb. Then I shall keep the bitten.
Limb below
the heart level and let the bitten site bleed for 30 seconds. After that I
shall wash the affected area with soap and water and apply a gentle roller
bandage two inches above the bite site on the limb.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. Write in detail the role of Search and rescue
team during a disaster?
Ans: The first think before taking part
in a “Search and Rescue” operation is to make sure that you do not put yourself
also at risk by unnecessary exposing
yourself to a hazard. If the “Search and rescue” operation needs you to entire
or go near a structure, you should first assess the stability of the structure.
Uncontrolled movement on or around the structure could further destabilize. The
structure causing more damage to the people who might be already trapped
beneath the debrics, as well as causing damage to rescuers.
Role of the
leader of Search and Rescue Team:
To assess
the disaster area and collect information on extent of damage
To find the
safest approach to the disaster area
To take all
precautions to safeguard search and rescue team
Role of team members of Search and Rescue Team:
To safe
cool and clam and be optimistic
To follow
the commands of the tam leader
Put on all
safety equipments including helmet.
Not to
touch or pull blocked doors.
Treat all
wires and cables as live wires
Be careful
in all your actions
Boost the
moral of the victim.
Q2. What should be the approach to help a fire burnt
patient?
Ans: The given ahead measures should be
taken to help a fire burnt patient:
1. Extinguishing
flames on clothes by immediately pouring water is best practice because it also
reduces the degree of burns.
2. If water is
not available then wrap the body with thick cloth.
3. Cover the
burnt area with clean cloth
4. Immediately
remove the tight clothing and construct Jewellery like rings. Bangles, before swelling and blisters.
5. Keep on giving
plenty of fluids to drink till the patient reaches hospital. ORS should be
added in water to compensate the mineral loss in burns. This also prevents loss
to the kidneys.
6. In electric
burns, first snap off electric power supply then give first aid to the patient.
Q3. Explain in detail the first, second and
third degree of burns?
Ans: Degrees
of burns: Following are the degrees of burns
1. First
Degree Burn: First
degree burns are superficial burns involving top layer of the skin. Due to
these burns skin appears red and is very painful.
2. Second
Degree Burn: Second
degree burns are partial thickness burns involving two layers named epidermis
and dermis. Due to these burns the skin becomes red having blisters, very
painful and the tissues are swollen and wet.
3. Third
Degree Burn: Third
degree burns are called full thickness burns and involve all the layers of the
skin along with deep structures like muscles, vessels and nerves.
The burnt
area is charred and looks brown and comparatively less painful.
Q4. What is safe
construction practice?
Ans: Safe construction practice is that practice
in which buildings are built earthquake resistant. However, Preparedness and
safe building construction practices can certainly reduce the extent of damage
and loss. It is therefore necessary to have some elementary knowledge about
construction and designing of disaster resistant buildings. Using these
disaster resistant practices shall have an additional burden of only a few
thousands of rupees, but will definitely not more precious than the life of our
family members. There are certain steps, which need to be taken into
consideration at the stage of planning, designing and construction of the
building to make it an earthquake resistant structure.
1. Soil
testing is very important tool in safe construction of building .
2. The
building should have a simple rectangular plan.
3. Long walls
should be supported by reinforced concrete columns.
4. Doors and
window should be small and centrally located.
5. Material
strength and quality of construction should be good.
6. Vertical
steel bar at each corner and T Junction of walls must be laid.
To ensure sanitation and Hygiene:
To spread
awareness on natural disasters and preventive action needed to minimize damage.
All the
local and start bodies must be active during a disaster community
representatives elected by the people themselves can serve as the nodal body
for effective management during a disaster and grave situation of a disaster.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. What equipments should be carried by a
rescue?
Ans: The given
ahead three types of equipments should be carried by a rescue.
1. Equipments for personal safety: These include helmet, life jacket, gumboots,
torch, and whistle.
2. Equipments for safety victims: These include ladders, ropes pully, small cutting tools, hammer,
stretches, first aid kit bamboo sticks
etc.
3. Ultra Modern search equipments: These include infrared cameras,
acoustic devices, bio-radars and life
locators.
Q2. What is
ABC formula in Disaster Management?
Ans: ABC formula in disaster management is made for
providing first aid to the victim .
To safe
life by maintaining vital functions. ABC (Airways, Breathing and Circulations).
During disaster, practicing ABC of life support helps victims condition from
becoming bad to worse.
Q3. What should
be the constituent of First Aid Kit?
Ans: The following
should be the constituents of First Aid Kit.
1. Adhesive
bandages and sticking plasters.
2. Mole skin
for blister treatment.
3. Dressings.
4. Saline.
5. Pocket
Mask.
6. Soap.
7. Antiseptic
wipes or sprays.
8. Medicines.
9. Disposable
gloves.
10. Plastic
tweezers.
11. Air way.
12. Small way.
13. Oral
rehydration solution.
14. Antiseptic
solution, povidine, sprit etc.
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. What are the main survival skills?
Ans: Search and Rescue are the main
survival skills.
Q2. Which equipments are needed for the personal
safety of rescue?
Ans: Helmet, life Jacket, gumboots, torch and
whistle.
Q3. What is heat stroke?
Ans: Heat stroke is defined as sudden
temporary loss of consciousness because the temperature regulating system of the
body fails in hot and dry environment.
Q4. What is lintel band?
Ans: It is a band provided at door /
window lintel level on all load bearing internal, external, longitudinal and
cross walls.
Q5. How plastic bags harm us?
Ans: By polluting the environment,
killing animals, aquatic life and using up the precious resources of the earth.
Unit-4
ROAD SAFETY EDUCATION
1) What is road safety education?
Road safety education is the program of educational activities
around road safety that should be provided to children and young people in
formal and community education settings – early childhood services, primary and
secondary schools.
Road safety education also encourages and supports the role that
parents and carers need to play in helping their children to be safe in traffic
and to learn about road safety.
Road safety education seeks to develop the behaviours and
attitudes for safe road use relevant to the development of children and young
people as passengers, pedestrians, cyclists and as novice drivers.
To be effective, road safety education must be evidence-based and
match the child/young person's stage of development and level of independence
as a road user.
2) Why Road Safety Education?
Around 3150 children age 3 to 15 are killed or seriously injured
on Indian road every year; this is almost 60 children per week -To reduce these
and keep your children safe, road safety education is necessary.
3) Why do children have accidents?
Children are prone to accidents because of a subconscious seesawing within them. They usually underestimate the risk level of a situation, often because they haven't experienced it yet. Other factors such as stress, death in the family, chronic illness, homelessness or moving home also increase the likelihood of the child having an accident.
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